Important measures for public health caused by malaria (Nyamuk Anhopeles) in Eastern Kalimantan and accelerating the elimination of malaria in the New Capital area

Abstract

Malaria is a serious public health problem in the eastern Kalimantan province of Indonesia, and the main source of infection is the bite of the Anopheles mosquito. This article gives a brief overview of the causes, impacts, and efforts to control cases of malaria in Eastern Kalimantan. Malaria cases in Eastern Kalimantan are mainly caused by Plasmodium falciparum and Plasmolium vivax. That's the two kinds of parasites that cause malaria that spread to humans through the bite of the female Anopheles mosquito. Rural areas with environmental conditions that support the development of Anopheles mosquitoes, such as slow-flowing waters and dense forests, are centers of the spread of the disease. Malaria has a serious public health impact, including deaths, especially among vulnerable groups such as children and vulnerable adults, and has an impact on productivity. Malaria control efforts in Eastern Kalimantan include the provision of antimalaria drugs, the distribution of insecticide molds, awareness campaigns to avoid mosquito bites, and an effort to control the population of Anopheles. Prevention such as the use of insecticidal molds and anti-malaria medicines, as well as the control of mosquite populations of Anophheles play an important role in efforts to control disease spread and protect public health in East Kalimantana. Although efforts to combat malaria have been made, the problem remains a major health problem in the region. To more effective malaria control and eradication in East Kalimantan, improved access to health services, public education, and sustainable funding are needed. Malaria elimination strategies are faster done with early detection of active/inactive cases and treatment with standard treatment. Demobilization programmes contribute to local capacity-building and have an impact on improved public health. Accelerating the elimination of malaria in line with the national elimination objectives requires intervention in priority programmes and greater involvement of all stakeholders. A number of information has been found related to malaria cases in Kaltim and accelerated annihilation of the Anopheles mosquitoes in the New Capital Area. Here's a summary of the information found: According to the Ministry of Health, there is one district/city in Eastern Kalimantan that is an endemic malaria area namely Penajam Market North. Currently, four districts/cities in East Kalimantan have achieved malaria-free status (1). As of April 2023, more than 1,000 cases of malaria were recorded in East Kalimantan. This data comes from E-Sismal 2023 collected by the Health Service of East Kalimantan. (2). East Kalimantan has a concentration. High-rise districts with high malaria endemic rates. This can be seen from the number of malaria-positive cases in the region and the annual parasite disease (API) cases. (3). Efforts to accelerate malaria eradication in Indonesia are carried out through the Revision of the National Accelerated Malaria Eradication Action Plan in Indonesia (RANPEM) 2020-2024 (4).